A Quick History of Food

MANY OF THE MODERN AND DIVERSE foods we are familiar with and enjoy today were actually developed during a brief period of time from 1850 to 1900, much of which was promoted for its healthful properties and beneficial effects then, as it is today. Thus were the beginnings of what is referred to today as “nutritional science.”

Scientists (in concert to some extent with medical practitioners) began to realize the relationship between our health and the foods we eat. Further, exciting advances in analytical chemistry provided hard scientific data to prove it.

Recognizing the power behind the old adage, “you are what you eat,” food advertisers were quick to herald such news to a public that was open to learn about this “new” nutritional science. By 1901, food ads were calling attention to the “wholesomeness" and "healthfulness" of their food products. “Eat less meat and more Quaker Oats," and “Cereal leads to good health,” the American Cereal Company's ads proclaimed.

On the other hand, Dold's Packing Company, was adamant that their "corn-fed porkers made sweet healthful food." Vendors distributed literature and trading cards at markets and any venue where food was sold. They hired "barkers" at local fairs and events to sell their “healthy foods” in every way possible. The public was being effectively educated on the idea that healthy food products would make them feel better and live longer.

The result over time was that the general public became better educated in nutrition and, better yet, more discerning today of what constitutes genuinely healthful food.


CANNED AND PACKAGED FOODS
Ironically, as the emphasis on eating healthier food grew, so did the public's desire for quick and easy to serve processed food products. The late 19th Century saw the development of the canned meat and fruit industries— Libby's, Armour's, Van Camp, Borden and Heinz were the giants of the day. During this period saccharin, synthetic vanilla, and flaked cereal also entered the market, as well as the numerous soda pop brands, most of which are still sold today. The decade of the 1890s was an especially lucrative one for "quick food" producers with products like minute tapioca, "instant" cereal, condensed soup, and pre-ground coffee guaranteed to ease the labor of meal preparation.

The first metal cans/containers were patented by Englishman Thomas Kensett in 1825. While canned meats, fruits and vegetables were produced in America on a limited basis prior to the 1850s, the Civil War "created a significant need for portable foods to feed the troops and as a result, the canning industry rapidly expanded."

Opening canned foods was somewhat problematic until the invention of the can opener in the 1860s. Development of an opener was possible once cans were made of steel rather than iron.

The initial response to canned foods was one of skepticism and the age-old practice of "putting-up" preserves, fruits and vegetables at home continued in many middle-class kitchens. By the time the new century had arrived, hundreds of food products were being commercially prepared, and sales began to indicate that the American homemaker was accepting these new, convenient products. Not only did packaged goods bring economy to the kitchen in terms of time and convenience but the increased availability of fruits and vegetables all year round meant the family no longer had to dine according to what was in season.


THE BIRTH OF SOME POPULAR FOODS
1872: Blackjack Chewing Gum
1874: Ice Cream Soda
1876: Premium Soda Crackers (later Saltines)
1876: Hires Root Beer
1881: Pillsbury Flour
1886: Coca-Cola
1887: Ball-Mason Jars
1888: Log Cabin Syrup
1889: Aunt Jemima Pancake Mix
1889: Calumet Baking Powder
1889: McCormick Spices
1889: Pabst Brewing Company
1890: Knox Gelatin
1890: Libby Introduces Keys to Canned Meat
1890: Lipton Tea
1891: Del Monte
1891: Fig Newton
1891: Quaker Oats Company
1893: Cream of Wheat
1893: Good & Plenty
1893: Juicy Fruit Gum
1894: Chili Powder
1895: Shredded Coconut
1895: Triscuits
1896: Cracker Jack
1896: Michelob Beer
1896: S&W Canned Foods
1896: Tootsie Roll
1897: Campbell's Condensed Soup
1897: Campbell's Tomato Soup
1897: Grape Nuts
1897: Jell-O
1898: Nabisco Graham Crackers
1898: Shredded Wheat Cereal
1900: Coney Island Hot Dog
1899: Wesson Oil
1900: Chiclets Gum
1900: Cotton Candy
1900: Hershey's Chocolate

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The following video, Coca-Cola Natal Christmas 1944-1973 - 2007, courtesy of You Tube.

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Chef’s Secret's

As in every trade, the master tradesman has his or her secrets that set them apart from everyone else. Learning the basics will get the job done, but learning the secrets of the trade gets the job done effortlessly and often times better. Seldom can we pry these secrets from the masters. They are usually passed down to a favorite apprentice upon retirement, or subliminally slipped to them, kind of like the coming-of-age thing.

But as with all good secrets, some just leak out and the wary ear takes note. This knowledge is a wonderful tool. It allows us to expand our horizons, broaden our own expectations, and many times dazzles our counterparts and peers. It is the feeling of pride you get lifting the holiday meal from the oven, the aroma drifting from room to room, and the contented faces of your guests at meal’s end.

Knowledge is the weapon that turns so many ingredients into that succulent meal or dessert. Adding a dash of this and a dash of that at just the right time, at just the right temperature, can make the difference and turn that same old turkey dinner into a holiday feast. It is that one secret ingredient you added to your dessert that made it not just good, but outstanding.

Wandering down this path of taste-tempting delights, keep a wary ear to the ground. There is no telling what secrets will slip. It is no matter what culinary path you choose to follow—baking or BBQing, burgers or soufflés—there are always secrets ‘round the corner. You may even develop a few of your own to pass along. Grandmothers are a tremendous source of culinary secrets that have teased the palates of families for generations.

Some Chef’s Quick Tips:

• Easily peel tomatoes by first putting them in boiling water then removing them again immediately. Let stand for 1 minute, then quickly put them in cold water.

• "The Royal French Fry" Want great gourmet French fries? Here is the secret. Allow crinkle-cut potatoes to stand in ice cold water, in the refrigerator for 1 hour before frying. This hardens the fries so they do not absorb as much fat during frying. Dry thoroughly before frying. Then fry them two times. Fry them for only a few minutes the first time. Then dry them well, dust them with a small amount of flour and fry them until they are a luscious golden brown.

• Tired of waiting for that baked potato? Potatoes bake faster and the skins do not crack if you oil or rub the skin with butter rather than wrapping in tin foil. You can also insert an aluminum nail in them, which will also speed the cooking time by 15 minutes. For one of the fastest ways, just boil them for 10 minutes and then place them into the oven.

• Both onions and potatoes have a tendency to give off natural gases. That is why you should never store them together. The potatoes become soft and rot.

• Want some sexy potatoes? Potatoes loved to be stored in pantyhose. All you do is cut a leg off a pair of pantyhose, drop the spud in, then hang it up in a cool, dry place.

• Here is a way to add a little zest to your stir-fried vegetables or salads. Just add some radish leaves; they are not as spicy as the radish itself.

• Beat egg whites in a way to always trap the most amount of air. Do not over-beat or they become dry and can cause a collapse.

• Want easy to peel hard-boiled eggs? Just add salt to water when boiling.

• Create great deviled eggs. Keep the yolks centered by stirring the water while cooking the eggs.

• Did you know that you can use cottage cheese in place of sour cream for making dips? Just blend it in the blender until it is creamed.

• Cottage cheese lasts longer when stored upside down. When you open cottage cheese, spores enter from the air and live on the oxygen layer in the container. Turning it upside down allows it to fall to the top, eliminating a percentage of the oxygen layer. Spores do not grow as fast, and the cottage cheese can last 7-10 days longer.

• Add sour cream to hot recipes just before serving. If you need to reheat a dish containing sour cream, reheat it slowly so the sour cream does not separate.

• The best way to cut cheese is with a dull knife, especially if you warm the blade first.

• After flouring a chicken, chill it for 1 hour so the coating will adhere better during frying.

• All poultry should be cooked to a center temperature of 185 degrees F.

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The following video, Chef To Chef, courtesy of You Tube.

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